BioLineRx Announces Final Results from Phase 2a COMBAT/KEYNOTE-202 Triple Combination Study of Motixafortide in Second Line Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer (PDAC)
A total of 43 patients initially diagnosed with unresectable stage IV metastatic PDAC, who had progressed following first-line gemcitabine-based therapy, were enrolled in the triple combination arm. Patients received motixafortide monotherapy priming treatment for five days, followed by combination cycles of motixafortide, KEYTRUDA and chemotherapy (Onivyde®/5-fluorouracil/leucovorin) until progression. The primary endpoint of the study is the objective response rate (ORR); secondary endpoints include confirmed objective response rate (cORR), overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS), and disease control rate (DCR).
The results of the study showed substantial improvement as compared to historical results across all study endpoints. Data are summarized below for the evaluable patients in the study (n=38).
Data summary:
COMBAT/KEYNOTE |
HISTORICAL DATA |
|
Median overall survival (mOS) |
6.5 months |
4.7 months1 |
Median progression free survival (mPFS) |
4.0 months |
2.7-3.1 months2,3 |
Confirmed overall response rate (cORR) |
13.2% |
7.7%3 |
Overall response rate (ORR) |
21.2% |
16%1 |
Disease control rate (DCR) |
63.2% |
29-52%2,4 |
1 Macarulla Mercade et al, Pancreas 2020
2 Petrelli et al Eu J Cancer 2017
3 Onivyde prescribing information
4 Wang Gillam Eu J Cancer 2019
The combination was generally well tolerated, with a safety profile consistent with the individual safety profile of each component alone; adverse event (AE) and severe adverse event (SAE) profiles were as expected with chemotherapy-based treatment regimens. Of note, certain safety advantages were demonstrated by the triple combination of motixafortide, KEYTRUDA and chemotherapy, when compared to historical data relating to the specific chemotherapy used in the study. These safety advantages include incidence of grade 3 neutropenia (7% versus historical data of 20%) and incidence of grade 3 infections (7% versus historical data of 17%).
"These results are highly encouraging in light of the extremely challenging population, even among PDAC patients, in this study cohort," said
"We are extremely pleased with these results, which demonstrate a meaningful improvement versus historical data across all study endpoints," stated
"Pancreatic cancer is one of the most difficult cancers to treat, with five-year survival rates of just 9% overall, and 3% for the greater-than-50% of patients initially diagnosed at stage IV. Therefore, even marginal improvements in survival endpoints in pivotal studies have been considered clinically meaningful and sufficient for regulatory approval. These positive efficacy results across all endpoints give us a high degree of confidence in their repeatability in a randomized trial and we plan to meet with the regulatory authorities in order to agree on the fastest pathway forward in this indication.
"In addition, we believe these results clearly support investigating the motixafortide/immune-checkpoint-inhibitor platform with other standard-of-care chemotherapies in earlier PDAC treatment lines, as well as in other 'cold' solid tumors. To that end, we are currently investigating motixafortide in combination with an anti-PD-1 and chemotherapy (gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel) in first-line pancreatic cancer, and we are assessing potential combinations in other solid-tumor indications as well.
"These data are particularly exciting in light of the strikingly positive results of the interim analysis from our Phase 3 GENESIS study of motixafortide in stem cell mobilization that we recently announced in October. Motixafortide has now demonstrated clinical utility in two therapeutic areas through multiple mechanisms of action, supporting our belief that it can serve as the backbone of a number of promising combination therapies to treat a broad range of cancer types,"
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About COMBAT/KEYNOTE-202
The Phase 2a COMBAT/KEYNOTE-202 study was originally designed as an open-label, multinational, multicenter, single-arm trial to evaluate the safety, tolerability and efficacy of the dual combination of motixafortide and KEYTRUDA®, an anti-PD-1 therapy marketed by Merck & Co., Inc.,
In
The study was carried out primarily in the US,
About Motixafortide in Cancer Immunotherapy
Motixafortide is targeting CXCR4, a chemokine receptor and a well validated therapeutic target that is over-expressed in many human cancers including PDAC. CXCR4 plays a key role in tumor growth, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis and therapeutic resistance, and CXCR4 overexpression has been shown to be correlated with poor prognosis.
Motixafortide is a short synthetic peptide used as a platform for cancer immunotherapy with unique features allowing it to function as a best-in-class antagonist of CXCR4. It shows high-affinity, long receptor occupancy and acts as an inverse agonist.
In a number of clinical and preclinical studies, motixafortide has been shown to affect multiple modes of action in 'cold' tumors, including immune cell trafficking, tumor infiltration by immune effector T cells, and reduction in immunosuppressive cells (such as MDSCs) within the tumor microenvironment, turning 'cold' tumors, such as pancreatic cancer, into "hot" (i.e., sensitizing them to immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy).
About Pancreatic Cancer
Pancreatic cancer has a low rate of early diagnosis and a poor prognosis. Its incidence rate in the US is estimated at 3.2% of new cancer cases. In 2018, approximately 450,000 individuals globally were diagnosed with this condition, 55,000 of them in the US; and the incidence of pancreatic cancer is expected to continue to increase. Symptoms are usually non-specific and as a result, pancreatic cancer is often not diagnosed until it reaches an advanced stage. Surgical resection does not offer adequate treatment since only 20% of patients have resectable tumors at the time of diagnosis. Even among patients who undergo resection for pancreatic cancer and have tumor-free margins, the five-year survival rate is only 10%-25%. The overall five-year survival rate among pancreatic cancer patients is 9%, which constitutes the highest mortality rate among solid tumor malignancies. The overall median survival is less than one year from diagnosis, highlighting the need for the development of new therapeutic options.
Despite advances in chemotherapeutics and immunotherapy, increases in median and overall survival rates in pancreatic cancer have been modest. Pancreatic cancer remains an area of unmet medical need, with no new approved therapies since the approval of nab-paclitaxel (Abraxane®) in combination with gemcitabine for first-line treatment in 2013 and Onivyde® in combination with fluorouracil and leucovorin for second-line treatment in 2015. The limited clinical benefits demonstrated by these existing standard treatment options reinforce the need for additional approaches.
About
The Company's lead program, Motixafortide (BL-8040), is a cancer therapy platform that was successfully evaluated in a Phase 3 study in stem cell mobilization for autologous bone-marrow transplantation. Motixafortide was also successfully evaluated in a Phase 2a study for the treatment of pancreatic cancer in combination with KEYTRUDA® and chemotherapy under a clinical trial collaboration agreement with MSD (
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